Definition of Dependent for Health Plans

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Many health plans provide coverage for employees’ dependent children. In the past, health plans have had significant flexibility in determining which individuals would be eligible to be covered as dependents. However, due to the Affordable Care Act’s reforms, health plans that cover dependent children must provide this coverage up to age 26.

Whether dependent coverage under a health plan is tax-free at the federal level depends on whether the individuals qualify as dependents under the Internal Revenue Code (Code). An individual can qualify as a dependent under the Code by being anyone of the following:

A child of the employee who has not attained age 27 as of the end of the taxable year;
A qualifying child, as defined in Code Section 152; or
A qualifying relative, as defined in Code Section 152.

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